- Map-Legend:
- conjunction
- chaining
- juxtapos
- other
- Sub-Main
- Main-Sub
- Mixed Data
- No Data
| Language | Question | Subquestion | Color | Parameter | Value | Preference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akan | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Amharic | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Amharic | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Ika | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Bernese German | 57 | conjunction | 1 | ND | ||
| Bwamu | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Czech | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Jula | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Jula | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Jula | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | |||
| Jula | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | |||
| Finnish | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Finnish | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Finnish | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | |||
| Finnish | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Finnish | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | |||
| Gagauz | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Mongolian | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| Mongolian | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Linxia Chinese | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Huarong Chinese | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Huarong Chinese | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | |||
| Ancash Quechua | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| Ancash Quechua | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Hungarian | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Hungarian | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | |||
| Hungarian | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Hungarian | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | |||
| Indonesian | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Indonesian | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | NA | ||
| Italian | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Jejueo | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| Jejueo | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | NA | ||
| Jejueo | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Jejueo | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | NA | ||
| Kangle Chinese | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | |||
| Kazakh | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| Kazakh | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Standard Mandarin | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Standard Mandarin | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | NA | ||
| Standard Mandarin | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Marathi | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Marathi | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Marathi | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Mopan Maya | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Mopan Maya | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | NA | ||
| Mooré | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Nepali | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Nepali | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Nepali | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | |||
| Newari | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Newari | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Turkish | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Turkish | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Polish | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Slovene | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian | 57 | conjunction | 1 | P | ||
| Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | S | ||
| Cochabamba Quechua | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| English | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| English | 57 | chaining | 1 | NA | ||
| English | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | P | ||
| English | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | S | ||
| Standard German | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Standard German | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Standard German | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | |||
| Standard German | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | only with subordinator | ||
| Thai | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Thai | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Thai | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | NA | ||
| Tunen | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Tunen | 57 | juxtapos | 1 | NA | ||
| Upper Sorbian | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Vietnamese | 57 | conjunction | 1 | NA | ||
| Vietnamese | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | NA | ||
| Vietnamese | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | NA | ||
| Oromo | 57 | conjunction | 1 | |||
| Oromo | 57 | chaining | 1 | |||
| Oromo | 57 | Sub-Main | 1 | P | ||
| Oromo | 57 | Main-Sub | 1 | S |
(57) How is the coordination of clauses accomplished?
Alternatives to be checked: conjunction / clause chaining / juxtaposition / other
If there is a dependent clause, does it precede or follow the main clause? Sub-Main / Main-Sub
Evenki (Tungusic)
Etyrken (bira-tki ngene-d'ene) [umnet dylgan-ma doldy-ksa] [ugiski iche-kse] [il-la-n].
old.man river-ALL go-CVB suddenly voice-ACC hear-CVB upwards look.at-CVB stand.up-NFUT-3SG
'The old man (while going to the river) suddenly heard the voice, (and) looked upwards, and stood still.' (Nedjalkov)
Evenki: clause chaining, preceding
English: conjunctions, no dependent clause
Explanation: Working definition of 'clause chaining': The coordination of clauses is accom-plished not with conjunctions, such as and, but with the help of special verb forms that are not fully finite (e.g., Longacre). These are also sometimes referred to as 'Asian converbs' (e.g., Bickel).
In Evenki, the fully specified verb is il-la-n, which is marked for tense and person. The dependent and non-fully specified verbs are marked with the 'converb' -ksA, only indicating anteriority and 'same subject'.
If the language uses 'converbs' for both clause chaining and adverbial subordination (56), please describe whether this is accomplished with the same or different forms.
Background: There might be a correlation of clause chaining with O-V order. The order of dependent clause and main clause might also correlate with O-V/V-O.