- Map-Legend (left):
- passive
- Mixed Data
- No Data
- Map-Legend (right):
- no_cont_subj
- no_subj
- expl_subj
- other
- Mixed Data
- No Data
| Language | Question | Subquestion | Color | Parameter | Value | Preference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amharic | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Amharic | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Amharic | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | ||
| Bernese German | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Bernese German | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Bernese German | 25 | c | expl_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Bwamu | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Czech | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Czech | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Czech | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Jula | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Ninkaré | 25 | c | expl_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Finnish | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Finnish | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Finnish | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | ||
| Finnish | 25 | c | other | 1 | ||
| Gagauz | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Gagauz | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Mongolian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Mongolian | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Huarong Chinese | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Ancash Quechua | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Hungarian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Hungarian | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Hungarian | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | ||
| Indonesian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Indonesian | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Indonesian | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Italian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Jejueo | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Kazakh | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Standard Mandarin | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Standard Mandarin | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Standard Mandarin | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Standard Mandarin | 25 | c | other | 1 | NA | |
| Marathi | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Marathi | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Marathi | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | ||
| Mopan Maya | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Mopan Maya | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Mopan Maya | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Turkish | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Kannada | 25 | c | other | 1 | ||
| Polish | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Polish | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 0.5 | ||
| Polish | 25 | c | no_subj | 0.5 | ||
| Polish | 25 | c | other | 1 | ||
| Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| English | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Standard German | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Standard German | 25 | c | expl_subj | 1 | ||
| Thai | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Upper Sorbian | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Upper Sorbian | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Upper Sorbian | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 | NA | |
| Vietnamese | 25 | c | passive | 1 | NA | |
| Oromo | 25 | c | passive | 1 | ||
| Oromo | 25 | c | no_cont_subj | 1 | ||
| Oromo | 25 | c | no_subj | 1 |
(25) What happens with the subject position if the subject does not appear in its canonical position (displaced subject)?
c) Impersonal passives
Does the language have a passive construction? yes / no
If yes, can passivisation lead to a constellation without a contentful subject? yes / no
If yes, alternatives to be checked: without subject / with an expletive subject / other
German
dass dem Kind geholfen worden ist
that the.DAT child helped been is
'that the child was helped' (without subject)
French
il a été dansé
it has been danced
'There was dancing.' (literally: 'It was danced.') (with an expletive subject)